{"id":4577,"date":"2025-12-29T17:28:21","date_gmt":"2025-12-29T15:28:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ajmonnet.eu\/?p=4577"},"modified":"2025-12-29T17:34:23","modified_gmt":"2025-12-29T15:34:23","slug":"la-securite-la-prosperite-et-la-democratie-europeennes-ne-peuvent-plus-dependre-de-la-volonte-changeante-des-etats-unis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ajmonnet.eu\/pt\/la-securite-la-prosperite-et-la-democratie-europeennes-ne-peuvent-plus-dependre-de-la-volonte-changeante-des-etats-unis\/","title":{"rendered":"A seguran\u00e7a, a prosperidade e a democracia europeias n\u00e3o podem continuar a depender da vontade mut\u00e1vel dos Estados Unidos."},"content":{"rendered":"

A Uni\u00e3o Europeia enfrenta desafios sem precedentes num momento em que a ordem multilateral baseada nas Na\u00e7\u00f5es Unidas est\u00e1 a ser questionada. A estrat\u00e9gia de apaziguamento em rela\u00e7\u00e3o a Donald Trump \u2013 desde a cimeira da Alian\u00e7a Atl\u00e2ntica at\u00e9 \u00e0 desregulamenta\u00e7\u00e3o das regras relativas ao digital, \u00e0 intelig\u00eancia artificial e ao ambiente, passando pela humilha\u00e7\u00e3o tarif\u00e1ria de Turnberry \u2013 n\u00e3o est\u00e1 a funcionar. As concess\u00f5es e acomoda\u00e7\u00f5es n\u00e3o reduziram a imprevisibilidade e a hostilidade de Trump. Pelo contr\u00e1rio, agravaram a vulnerabilidade estrat\u00e9gica da Europa, resultaram num plano de capitula\u00e7\u00e3o inaceit\u00e1vel para a Ucr\u00e2nia e numa declara\u00e7\u00e3o de guerra pol\u00edtica \u00e0 UE sob a forma de uma estrat\u00e9gia de seguran\u00e7a nacional americana, na qual ele apela ao regresso a uma Europa das na\u00e7\u00f5es e anuncia, consequentemente, uma alian\u00e7a com as for\u00e7as pol\u00edticas nacionalistas populistas do continente.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A Europa deve, portanto, tirar as conclus\u00f5es que se imp\u00f5em: a sua seguran\u00e7a, prosperidade e democracia n\u00e3o podem continuar a depender da vontade mut\u00e1vel dos Estados Unidos. A autonomia estrat\u00e9gica j\u00e1 n\u00e3o \u00e9 uma op\u00e7\u00e3o, mas uma necessidade. A Uni\u00e3o Europeia deve ser capaz de agir de forma independente, assumir toda a responsabilidade pela sua pr\u00f3pria defesa e defender os seus interesses e valores na cena mundial com soberania e credibilidade.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Uma Europa mais produtiva e competitiva \u00e9 uma condi\u00e7\u00e3o pr\u00e9via para o poder geopol\u00edtico e o bem-estar social. Devemos, portanto, garantir que os relat\u00f3rios Letta e Draghi sobre a conclus\u00e3o do mercado \u00fanico e a competitividade europeia sejam plenamente implementados at\u00e9 2028. Al\u00e9m disso, precisamos de um or\u00e7amento plurianual que apoie novos investimentos, p\u00fablicos e privados, em ind\u00fastrias-chave e inovadoras. Apelamos, portanto, \u00e0 Comiss\u00e3o para que apresente uma nova proposta de quadro financeiro plurianual (QFP) refor\u00e7ado e mais ambicioso, capaz de financiar os bens p\u00fablicos europeus, incluindo as novas prioridades em mat\u00e9ria de defesa e investiga\u00e7\u00e3o, preservando simultaneamente as dimens\u00f5es sociais e ambientais, a coes\u00e3o e a agricultura, no respeito pelo controlo parlamentar e pelo papel das regi\u00f5es e das cidades europeias, e financiado por recursos pr\u00f3prios reais da UE.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mas recuperar a competitividade e modernizar o or\u00e7amento n\u00e3o \u00e9 suficiente para construir uma Europa geopol\u00edtica. Tal como em 1950, temos de nos concentrar num ponto essencial, nomeadamente a cria\u00e7\u00e3o de uma defesa comum europeia apoiada por uma uni\u00e3o pol\u00edtica mais forte. S\u00f3 uma Europa mais federal pode enfrentar estes desafios, garantindo o respeito pelos nossos valores e direitos fundamentais, a menos que estejamos dispostos a aceitar Trump como autoridade pol\u00edtica mundial, numa parceria amb\u00edgua com Putin e Xi Jinping. Conscientes da amea\u00e7a que pesa sobre a seguran\u00e7a da UE e da hostilidade aberta de Trump, confirmada pela estrat\u00e9gia de seguran\u00e7a nacional, apelamos aos Estados-Membros do Conselho Europeu para que criem uma defesa comum europeia, tal como previsto no artigo 42.\u00ba do Tratado da Uni\u00e3o Europeia, o que tamb\u00e9m pode ser feito atrav\u00e9s de uma nova coopera\u00e7\u00e3o estruturada permanente entre os Estados-Membros volunt\u00e1rios, em caso de aus\u00eancia de unanimidade. Isto constituir\u00e1 um sistema de defesa europeu capaz de coordenar as for\u00e7as armadas nacionais em caso de agress\u00e3o contra um Estado-Membro. Para tal, \u00e9 necess\u00e1ria a cria\u00e7\u00e3o de um centro de comando e controlo da UE.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De um modo mais geral, as institui\u00e7\u00f5es e os l\u00edderes da UE devem explorar plenamente o Tratado de Lisboa, interpretando-o de forma federalista em todos os dom\u00ednios, tal como foi feito com a resposta \u00e0 pandemia do coronav\u00edrus, seguindo tamb\u00e9m o apelo de Draghi a favor de um \u00abfederalismo pragm\u00e1tico\u00bb. A UE n\u00e3o teria sido uma pot\u00eancia comercial com esta pol\u00edtica sujeita \u00e0 unanimidade. Temos de superar a vetocracia em mat\u00e9ria de pol\u00edtica externa, defesa e finan\u00e7as. Um or\u00e7amento europeu mais s\u00f3lido, do qual alguns Estados-Membros beneficiariam, poderia estar subordinado ao seu apoio \u00e0 ativa\u00e7\u00e3o das passarelas que permitem passar da unanimidade para a vota\u00e7\u00e3o por maioria. Paralelamente, o Conselho Europeu deve dar seguimento de forma coerente \u00e0 proposta do Parlamento de reformar os tratados, a fim de abolir a unanimidade no sistema de tomada de decis\u00f5es da UE \u2014 as pol\u00edticas or\u00e7amentais e fiscais, externas, de seguran\u00e7a e de defesa, bem como o alargamento, devem todos ser abrangidos pelo processo legislativo ordin\u00e1rio \u2014, incluindo no que diz respeito a futuras altera\u00e7\u00f5es dos tratados.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Consideramos que o Parlamento Europeu pode desempenhar um papel fundamental na implementa\u00e7\u00e3o das reformas institucionais necess\u00e1rias, tamb\u00e9m na perspetiva do alargamento. Em primeiro lugar, condicionando o seu apoio aos pr\u00f3ximos or\u00e7amentos anuais e ao QFP \u00e0 resposta do Conselho Europeu aos pedidos acima mencionados. Em segundo lugar, promovendo uma Assembleia Interparlamentar (Assises) para defender a plena implementa\u00e7\u00e3o destes objetivos, bem como uma Assembleia Cidad\u00e3 Europeia ad hoc para envolver os cidad\u00e3os e a esfera p\u00fablica europeia em geral.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Para tal, apoiamos a cria\u00e7\u00e3o de uma coliga\u00e7\u00e3o pr\u00f3-europeia renovada, transpartid\u00e1ria e interinstitucional, que re\u00fana os Estados-Membros mais empenhados no Conselho Europeu, a maioria pr\u00f3-europeia nos parlamentos europeu e nacionais, a Comiss\u00e3o Europeia e as institui\u00e7\u00f5es regionais e locais, para al\u00e9m das in\u00e9rcias espec\u00edficas de cada institui\u00e7\u00e3o, bem como a sociedade civil organizada pr\u00f3-europeia. Apelamos a todos para que se mobilizem a n\u00edvel local, nacional e transnacional para apoiar estas exig\u00eancias em prol de uma Uni\u00e3o mais soberana e mais democr\u00e1tica.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Um coletivo de personalidades pol\u00edticas e intelectuais, entre as quais Jacques Attali, Daniel Cohn-Bendit e Dominique M\u00e9da, apela, em um artigo de opini\u00e3o no jornal<\/a> \u00abLe Monde\u00bb, para fundar uma Europa mais federal e criar uma coliga\u00e7\u00e3o pr\u00f3-europeia renovada, transpartid\u00e1ria e interinstitucional, \u00fanica condi\u00e7\u00e3o, na sua opini\u00e3o, para garantir a soberania da Uni\u00e3o Europeia.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
Assinar o artigo<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Este texto baseia-se na declara\u00e7\u00e3o adotada pelo Comit\u00e9 de A\u00e7\u00e3o para os Estados Unidos da Europa<\/a> relan\u00e7ado, em 18 de outubro de 2025, na Maison Jean Monnet, Houjarray\/Bazoches-sur-Guyonne, Fran\u00e7a.<\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L’Union europ\u00e9enne est confront\u00e9e \u00e0 des d\u00e9fis sans pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent \u00e0 un moment o\u00f9 l’ordre multilat\u00e9ral fond\u00e9 sur les Nations unies est remis en cause. La strat\u00e9gie d’apaisement envers Donald Trump \u2013 du sommet de l\u2019Alliance atlantique \u00e0 la d\u00e9r\u00e9glementation des r\u00e8gles relatives au num\u00e9rique, \u00e0 l’intelligence artificielle et \u00e0 l’environnement, en passant par l’humiliation tarifaire […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":4578,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":true,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[6],"class_list":["post-4577","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actualite","tag-europe"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLa s\u00e9curit\u00e9, la prosp\u00e9rit\u00e9 et la d\u00e9mocratie europ\u00e9ennes ne peuvent plus d\u00e9pendre de la volont\u00e9 changeante des Etats-Unis - Association Jean Monnet<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Association Jean Monnet\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, 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